Overview

• Malaria ⇒
  • Caused by plasmodium protozoa spread by the female anopheles mosquito.
    • 4 Different Species → plasmodium … falciparum, vivax, ovale, malariae. (Falciparum is most common).
    • SCA offers protection against malaria.
  • Sx → cyclical fever, fatigue, myalgia, headaches, N&V, pallor, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice.
  • Ix → 3 thick and thin blood films.
  • Mx →
    • Non-Falciparum → chloroquinine.
    • Mild Falciparum → artemisinin combination therapy (ACT).
    • Severe Falciparum → IV artesunate.
    • Notify local Health Protection Team.
• Typhoid Fever ⇒
  • Caused by salmonella typhi and paratyphi. Transmitted via faecal-oral route.
  • Sx → systemic upset, relative bradycardia, abdominal pain, constipation, rose spots.
  • Mx → IV ceftriaxone then PO azithromycin. Also supportive care with IV fluids and antipyretics.
• Dengue Fever ⇒
  • Viral infection that can progress to viral haemorrhagic fever.
  • Sx → fever, headache, myalgia, bone pain, pleuritic pain, facial flushing, maculopapular rash.
  • Mx → entirely symptomatic (fluid resuscitation, blood transfusion etc.).

Making Diagnosis

Clinical Features

Investigations

Management Plan

Complications →

Prognosis →