Overview

• Symptoms caused by the excessive circulation of thyroid hormones
• Caused by conditions which lead to hyperthyroidism → Graves' Disease, Toxic Multinodular Goitre, and Toxic Adenoma
  • Can be amiodarone induced
• F>M (5:1), Graves' Disease presents at 20-30 yrs old
• Amboss Overview

Making Diagnosis

Clinical Features:

• General → weight loss, restlessness, heat intolerance
• Cardiac → palpitations, tachycardia
• Skin → increased sweating, pretibial myxoedema (specific to graves), onycholysis
• Diarrhoea, Anxiety, Tremor, Oligo/Amenorrhoea

Graves Specific ⇒ exophthalmos, pretibial myxoedema, thyroid acropachy (clubbing of fingernails)

Investigations:

• TFTs → high T3/T4, low TSH
• Anti-TSH Receptor Ab → if present, diagnosis is Graves' Disease
• Thyroid Ultrasound