Overview

• Minimal Change Disease
  • Nephrotic syndrome (proteinuria + hypoalbuminaemia + oedema), accounting for 75% of cases in children.
  • May be associated with preceding viral URTI.
  • Features → oedema (peri-orbital), frothy urine, proteinuria.
    • Renal Biopsy → electron microscopy shows fusion of podocytes and effacement of foot processes.
  • Ix → do urine dipstick first-line to confirm proteinuria.
  • Mx → oral prednislone for 4-6 weeks (reduced dose from 4+ weeks).
    • 60mg/m2/day for 4 weeks, then reduce to 40mg/m2/day for 2 weeks.
  • Complications → increased risk of thrombosis (loss of AT-III in urine), infection (loss of immunoglobulin in urine), and hypercholesterolaemia (urinary albumin loss).

Making Diagnosis

Clinical Features

Investigations

Management Plan

Complications →

Prognosis →